Information on Tenancy Agreements for Landlords

Most private rented properties are Assured Short hold Tenancies (AST).  Any tenancy created after 28th Feb 1997 will be an AST. The initial fixed term of these is normally 6 months but can be anything over that. Once the fixed term expires it would roll into a contractual periodic tenancy that runs indefinitely from one rent period to the next.

The rent period is the time between rent payments. For example if the rent payment is monthly and is due on the 15th of the month then the rent period will run from the 15th of that month to the 14th of the following month.

Also, a tenancy agreement is created even if there is no written agreement. The occupier, with a tenancy created orally, has the same rights as one with a written contract as long as they have:

  • Moved into the property
  • Paid rent
  • Have exclusive occupation i.e. live there solely and not with the landlord.

Serving Notice to quit a Property

Section 21 Notices

The Housing Act 1988 allows recovery of possession of the property at the end of the fixed term. The notice must be properly drafted with the following:

  • Must be in writing.
  • Must state "possession required under Section 21 a (End of fixed term) or 21 b (end of periodic) of the Housing Act 1988".
  • Must give a notice period of at least two months. Stating both date served and vacation date.
  • If the fixed term has not expired then the notice cannot expire before the end of the fixed term.

If the tenant does not give up possession then as landlord must go to County Court and apply for a Court Order. It should also be noted that if you have not register a tenants deposit under a tenancy deposit protection scheme, then you cannot use the Section 21 notice to gain possession.

Section 8 Notices

This type of notice is used when a landlord wishes to get possession of the property before the fixed term has come to an end. As a landlord you are required to serve a notice of intention to seek possession under Section 8 of the Housing Act 1988.

A Section 8 notice is usually used when there is some default on the part of the tenant. The most common type of default during the term of the tenancy will be non-payment of rent, but any breaches of the terms of the tenancy agreement can also start possession proceedings, for example if the tenant damages the property or are a nuisance to the neighbours.  The court will require  you as a  landlord or agent,  to show adequate evidence or proof of the problems.

When claiming possession under Section 8, as a landlord it is common place to cite more than one ground in your claim, this is advised as it adds to case. Some of the grounds are mandatory, which means that if as a landlord you can prove that one of the grounds applies then the court has no choice but to award possession to you. The other grounds are discretionary, and the court will only award possession if it is reasonable to do so.

A Section 8 notice may be served by post or in person. If there is more than one tenant the notice must be served on all tenants. The court will recognise the day of postal service as the day on which the letter would normally have arrived.

Once the section 8 notice has been issued to you are required to wait until the notice has expired – this is the date given on the notice. If the tenant has not vacated, or paid up any rent arrears by this point, then it will be necessary to start the court possession proceedings. This is done by obtaining the appropriate forms from the local court (forms N5 and N119) and payment of the appropriate court fee.

If you are applying for possession of the property because of Anti Social Behavior (ASB) or some other illegal activity and you require assistance from the Local Authority or Cumbria Constabulary in your claim for possession, then please contact Housing Services Department at the Council, who along with Cumbria Constabulary would be willing to assist as much as is practicable.


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